18 April 2026 Written By-Saikat Mandal

Sugarcane Cultivation Guide 

Sugarcane is a tropical crop widely grown for sugar, jaggery, and ethanol production. 

Introduction 

Best Climate for Sugarcane – Warm and humid climate  – Temperature: 20°C to 35°C  – Adequate rainfall or irrigation

Climate Requirements 

Ideal Soil Condition – Well-drained loamy soil  – Rich in organic matter  – pH level: 6.0 to 7.5 

Soil Type 

Preparing the Field – Deep ploughing (2–3 times)  – Remove weeds and residues  – Level the land properly

Land Preparation 

How to Plant Sugarcane – Use healthy cane setts (cuttings)  – Plant in rows with spacing (75–100 cm)  – Depth: 5–10 cm

Planting Method 

Water Management – First irrigation immediately after planting  – Regular watering every 7–15 days  – Avoid waterlogging

Irrigation 

Nutrient Requirement – Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium  – Apply organic manure  – Split fertilizer application for better result

Fertilization 

Protect Your Crop – Remove weeds regularly  – Use herbicides if needed  – Watch for pests like borer

Weed & Pest Control 

When to Harvest Sugarcane – Crop matures in 10–18 months  – Leaves turn yellow  – Cane becomes hard and juicy

Harvesting 

Expected Yield – Average yield: 60–100 tons per hectare 

Yield & Profit